PEL - Permissible Exposure Limit. The maximum concentration of a toxic substance in the workplace that should never be exceeded during an eight-hour work shift, as determined by averaging the exposures measured throughout eight hours.

PERMANENT CLOSURE - Decommissioning an existing underground storage tank system by completely removing the tank and associated piping from the ground or by selecting abandonment.

PERMIT-REQUIRED CONFINED SPACE - A confined space that is known or suspected of posing an atmospheric or serious physical (safety) hazard.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - Clothing, devices, or equipment worn by an employee to protect against a hazard.

PERSONAL SAMPLES - Samples taken to measure a worker's level of exposure to a substance such as asbestos and to verify the effectiveness of exposure controls; considers worker movement and activity over an eight-hour workday.

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PHASE I SITE ASSESSMENT - The preliminary phase of an environmental assessment that focuses on identifying possible contamination from historical and current uses of a site.

PHASE II SITE ASSESSMENT - The subsurface or intrusive phase of an environmental assessment, which uses research, sampling, and analysis to determine whether the suspected sources or locations are contaminated.

PHASE III SITE ASSESSMENT - The final phase of the environmental assessment, which focuses on defining the extent of contamination, evaluating remedial action alternatives, designing remedial action, and cleanup.

PID - Photoionization Detector. A field screening device used to detect possible contamination prior to laboratory analysis.

PIGMENTS - Chemicals with properties that affect color.

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PLM - Polarized Light Microscopy. A light microscope method used to analyze bulk samples of suspect asbestos-containing material.

POSTING - Placing the annual summary of occupational injuries and illnesses at each U.S. establishment from February 1 to March 1 to provide employees with the record of their establishment's injury and illness experience for the previous calendar year.

PR - Proposed Regulation. A draft of a standard that is published in the Federal Register so that all affected industries can submit comments.

PROCESS WASTEWATER - Water used in the production process of converting raw materials into manufactured good.

PROPERTY TRANSFER - The act of transferring the ownership of property.

PURGE - To remove volumes of groundwater from a monitoring well prior to sampling or to remove vapors from an underground storage tank.

* This Glossary is Excerpted from Managing Environmental Risk for Facility Owners and Operators / Legal Actions Against Facilities from AIG, © BOMI 1996, 2nd qtr. *

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